科大突破性研究成果为慢性脊髓损伤患者带来喜讯
科大研究团队最近发现刺激神经轴突(axons)再生的方法,可望为慢性脊髓损伤治疗打开新一页。
脊髓损伤令大量受损神经轴突难以跨越损伤组织,特别是皮质脊髓束。慢性脊髓损伤病人往往丧失活动能力甚至瘫痪,严重影响日常生活。
在科大生命科学部助理教授刘凯领导下,研究团队先为老鼠进行锥体束切断术(pyramidotomy),然后剔除其体内的PTEN基因。此外,研究人员亦在脊髓严重损伤4个月和12个月的老鼠身上进行相同程序。
研究团队在三组样本身上均发现皮质脊髓束展现再生的反应,显示即使损伤已维持一段时间,若剔除PTEN基因,仍可刺激皮质脊髓束再生。
刘教授表示,与急性损伤比较,慢性损伤的皮质脊髓束较难出现再生。尽管困难重重,但借着崭新疗法,皮质脊髓束即使在受损一年后仍可再生,令团队大感意外。
刘教授指出︰「认识到慢性受损的神经细胞仍有再生轴突和重建初步突触连接(synaptic connections)的能力,实在是一项重大发现。抑制PTEN基因的治疗可针对特定的神经细胞进行,亦即是说,我们可在日后研究中将程序具体应用于目标部位。」
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